A Filesystem's Guide
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| + | {{Languages|A Filesystem's Guide}} | ||
| + | == UNIX filesystems organisation background == | ||
| + | The main ideas to organize the files in the standard Unix filesystem are: | ||
| + | * group files according to their life cycle. | ||
| + | * visibility (convenience and access control). | ||
| + | * historical constraints. | ||
| − | + | Therefore: | |
| + | * User data that should survive at all costs go to /home | ||
| + | * Configuration files are precious and must be easy to reach, they go in /etc | ||
| + | * Things that should not survive reboot go to /tmp | ||
| + | * Things that physically come and go appear in /mnt (old style) or /media (new style) | ||
| + | * Files that tend to grow too much unsupervised go to /var, so that they can only fill the partition containing this directory. | ||
| + | * Pseudo files used to communicate with the kernel go to /proc (old style) or /sys (new style). Pseudo files used to communicate with other hardware devices go to /dev. | ||
| + | * /boot can be used to keep the kernel file in a place the hardware can access easily | ||
| + | * The remaining directories contain binaries. /lib is for shared libraries. The basic low-level UNIX toolbox is in /bin, the tools needed only by the administrator are in /sbin. Everything else go to /usr. | ||
| − | == | + | == The Om 2008.8 filesystem == |
| + | |||
| + | The root filesystem consists the following directories: | ||
| − | |||
*bin | *bin | ||
*dev | *dev | ||
| Line 21: | Line 36: | ||
*tmp | *tmp | ||
*var | *var | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | The first difference to the standard Linux filesystem is the lack of /root directory. This directory is located under '''/home/root/'''. | ||
| + | |||
| + | The config and data files for contacts, calendar, memos and tasks are located under the ~/Applications and ~/Documents folders, cf. the [[Backup]] article. | ||
| + | |||
| + | The file '''/home/root/.ash_history''' is a history of commands for the standard shell (ash). If you use bash, it will create the file '''/home/root/.bash_history'''. | ||
| + | |||
| + | The inserted micro SD card is mounted under '''/media/card'''. | ||
| + | |||
| + | == See also == | ||
| + | * [[GTA02 sysfs]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==External links== | ||
| + | * [http://www.pathname.com/fhs/ Home of the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard] | ||
| + | * [http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/linux/library/l-proc.html?ca=dgr-wikiaProcFile#N1030B Fortune Cookies through the /proc Filesystem] | ||
| + | * [http://ftp2.de.freebsd.org/pub/cLIeNUX/descriptive/DSFH.html The Dotted Standard Filename Hierarchy], yet another very different hierarchy (used in cLIeNUX) | ||
| + | * [http://www.pathname.com/fhs/pub/fhs-2.3.pdf Filesystem Hierarchy Standard 2.3] (January 29, 2004) | ||
| + | |||
| + | [[Category:Om 2008.8]] | ||
Latest revision as of 10:04, 9 October 2008
| Need improvement: This article or section needs improving. Feel free to add content. |
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Contents |
[edit] UNIX filesystems organisation background
The main ideas to organize the files in the standard Unix filesystem are:
- group files according to their life cycle.
- visibility (convenience and access control).
- historical constraints.
Therefore:
- User data that should survive at all costs go to /home
- Configuration files are precious and must be easy to reach, they go in /etc
- Things that should not survive reboot go to /tmp
- Things that physically come and go appear in /mnt (old style) or /media (new style)
- Files that tend to grow too much unsupervised go to /var, so that they can only fill the partition containing this directory.
- Pseudo files used to communicate with the kernel go to /proc (old style) or /sys (new style). Pseudo files used to communicate with other hardware devices go to /dev.
- /boot can be used to keep the kernel file in a place the hardware can access easily
- The remaining directories contain binaries. /lib is for shared libraries. The basic low-level UNIX toolbox is in /bin, the tools needed only by the administrator are in /sbin. Everything else go to /usr.
[edit] The Om 2008.8 filesystem
The root filesystem consists the following directories:
- bin
- dev
- home
- media
- proc
- sys
- usr
- boot
- etc
- lib
- mnt
- sbin
- tmp
- var
The first difference to the standard Linux filesystem is the lack of /root directory. This directory is located under /home/root/.
The config and data files for contacts, calendar, memos and tasks are located under the ~/Applications and ~/Documents folders, cf. the Backup article.
The file /home/root/.ash_history is a history of commands for the standard shell (ash). If you use bash, it will create the file /home/root/.bash_history.
The inserted micro SD card is mounted under /media/card.
[edit] See also
[edit] External links
- Home of the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard
- Fortune Cookies through the /proc Filesystem
- The Dotted Standard Filename Hierarchy, yet another very different hierarchy (used in cLIeNUX)
- Filesystem Hierarchy Standard 2.3 (January 29, 2004)
